刀具几何参数对纵扭超声振动铣削性能的影响
胡春林 2024/12/15 18:46:51
淮安生物工程高等职业学校,机电工程系,江苏淮安 223232
摘要:高强度钢由于硬度较高在切削过程中存在一定的困难,进而影响加工质量。普通的切削技术难以满足要求,引入超声振动辅助是目前常用的技术手段。以高强度钢30CrNi2MoVA为测试对象,实验分析了纵扭超声振动辅助下铣削参数优化及残余应力分析。研究结果表明:确定最优的参数匹配:后角10°、前角2°、螺旋角40°、切刃半径0.01mm。从刀具几何参数对残余应力影响程度从大到小依次:螺旋角,切刃半径的影响程度,前角与后角。该研究有助于提高铣削加工效率,为提高铣削加工质量具有很好的实际指导意义。
关键词:铣削,纵扭,超声振动,参数优化,残余应力
中图分类号:TH137
Milling parameter optimization by longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration
Hu Chunlin
Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Huaian Higher Vocational School of Biological Engineering, Huaian 223232, China
Abstract: High strength steel has some difficulties in the cutting process because of its high hardness, which affects the processing quality. Ordinary cutting technology is difficult to meet the requirements, the introduction of ultrasonic vibration is a common technical means. The optimization of milling parameters and the analysis of residual stress with the aid of ultrasonic vibration of longitudinal-torsional high strength steel 30CrNi2MoVA were analyzed experimentally. The results show that the optimal parameter matching is determined: back Angle 10°, front Angle 2°, spiral Angle 40°, cutting edge radius 0.01mm. The degree of influence of tool geometry parameters on residual stress is from large to small: helix Angle, cutting edge radius, front Angle and back Angle. The research is helpful to improve milling efficiency and has a good practical guiding significance for improving milling quality.
Key words: milling, longitudinal torsion, ultrasonic vibration, parameter optimization, residual stress
0 引言
在高强度钢加工过程中,由于会产生很高的切削温度、发生大幅回弹变形,这对其尺寸控制精度造成了不利影响,并且在还会在加工过程中产生明显的表面残余拉应力,从而造成高强度钢零件使用寿命的缩短[1-3]。
针对残余应力控制机制以及减小残余应力方面,目前已有许多学者开展了相关研究工作,并取得了一定的研究成果,为增强零部件抗疲劳能力提供可靠支持[4-5]。相关方面的研究吸引了很多的援救学者,也取得了一定的研究成果[6]。戴文顺等[7]建立了高进给铣削34CrNi3Mo高强度钢模型,采用正交试验法设计研究方案,依据多元回归分析法得到切削温度,有利于避免切削温度的大幅度增加。王书利等[8]建立高强度钢切削力模型,通过正交研究刀具角度对切削力的影响,刃口半径对主切削力影响最大,前角对进给抗力影响最大(未完,下一页)
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